Chilblains are itchy, swollen and painful lumps on the skin that form after exposure to the cold. They are caused by changes in the blood vessels in response to the cold. Chilblains most commonly affect the fingers and toes but can also occur on the nose and earlobes. Symptoms of chilblains include: red, blue or
Around one in six Australian couples have problems with fertility. Infertility is diagnosed when a couple has been unable to fall pregnant after having regular unprotected intercourse for a year. There are many causes of infertility, including problems with ovulation (the release of an egg from a woman’s ovary), fertilisation by a man’s sperm and
Testicular cancer is cancer that develops in one or both testicles. In most cases, only one testicle is affected. It is estimated that 980 Australian men were diagnosed with testicular cancer in 2021, making up about 1.2% of all new cases of cancer diagnosed in men. It most commonly occurs in men aged 25–40 years.
Seasonal affective disorder (also known as SAD) is a type of depression that comes and goes according to the season. Most people affected by SAD have winter-pattern SAD, where symptoms develop in autumn and winter and go away during spring and summer. However, a smaller number of people have summer-pattern SAD where they experience depressive
Raynaud’s disease affects around 1 in 20 people and is more common in women and in people living in colder climates. Cold weather and stress are the most common triggers. Raynaud’s usually affects the extremities – mainly the fingers and toes, but sometimes also the tips of the nose, lips and ears. It is caused
Heard of prebiotics and probiotics but confused about the differences? Here’s where you find them and why they are important. Probiotics are live bacteria found in certain foods and supplements, which can provide certain health benefits. There is research to show benefits of certain strains of probiotics for conditions including antibiotic-associated diarrhoea, traveller’s diarrhoea, infectious
Constipation refers to difficulties passing a hard bowel motion. It is a common digestive problem and most people experience constipation at some time in their life. A 2019 Australian study of more than 29 000 adults found that 24% had chronic constipation. Symptoms of constipation include: passing hard stools only passing small amounts at a
Eczema, also called atopic dermatitis, is a common skin condition that causes inflamed, scaly patches on the skin and can lead to skin infections. Eczema usually starts in the first year of age, and for many children it goes away by the time they reach their teenage years. However, some people have eczema all their
The Blue Zones are populations around the world where people live longer and have lower rates of chronic disease than the rest of the world. People living in these areas are not only more likely to live to 100 but also tend to remain healthy and active well into their eighties and nineties. Identified by
Fibre is the part of food that is not digested in the stomach or small intestine. It is found only in plant foods including breads, cereals, grains, fruit, vegetables, legumes, nuts and seeds. Fibre is actually a type of carbohydrate, but unlike starches and sugars, it is in a form that your body can’t digest
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